![]() And, 48-volt systems theoretically allow brake energy recuperation at up to four times the level of 12-volt systems, due to the higher power capacity. ![]() “Belt starter generators have also been developed to provide improved stop-start performance and to maintain power levels within the system. “Great advances have been made in recent years in the speed, power and performance of the 48-volt motors themselves, with the size and weight of these devices gradually reducing and the power density increasing,” says Borman. They offer great potential for boosting torque outputs at low engine speed without the lag issues of conventional turbochargers. ![]() In addition, other 48-volt motor-driven devices, such as electric superchargers, have been developed. Advances in electronics and software have also enabled much more accurate control of the pressure, flow rate and response time of these devices. A 48-volt motor-driven pump performs better than 12-volt alternatives. The switch from crank pulley and belt drive to electric motor drive for these components provides significant fuel economy benefits, due to parasitic loss reduction. “However, 48-volt systems have gradually become more popular in recent years due to the development of electrical engine ancillaries such as coolant pumps, oil pumps and power steering pumps.” “Until recently, 48-volt battery packs have also lacked the power density, thermal stability and charging rates necessary to achieve the required system performance,” explains Borman. “So, the added cost, weight, package space and complexity has generally restricted this technology to larger, premium class vehicles. “Introducing a 48-volt architecture into a vehicle requires the installation of a suitable 48-volt battery alongside the conventional 12-volt supply,” says Steve Borman, principal power electronics engineer at MAHLE Powertrain Ltd.
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